BOS Slag: Formation, Reaction, and Energy and Materials Recovery

Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) slag, a product of hot metal element (e.g., Si, Mn, Fe, P) oxidation and flux (e.g. lime, dolomite) dissolution, plays critical role in the production high-quality crude steel, although its behavior inside BOS vessel (formation reaction with droplets gas) is still not clear recycling has always been challenging. Herein, examples BOS-slag-related research conducted by present authors are introduced, addition to review relevant reported literature. This includes four important topics: 1) slag formation, i.e., dissolution lime slag; 2) situ observation high-temperature slags; 3) transient phenomena slags due droplet–slag–gas reactions; 4) energy material recovery from molten slags. article aims provide state-of-the-art understanding new ideas on these topics. An emphasis placed methods that seek probe evolution document physical chemical changes.